Taijian Campus
九典聯合建築師事務所
To satisfy demands for business management, tourism, and conservation research, Taijian National Park provides comprehensive and innovative services for both tourism and sustainability. By choosing the area between the north Shi-Tsao Avenue and the Brine Grass Creek as the site for the administrative and service center in the future, the local environment reflects the Taijiang National park's ecological and cultural histories, with multidimensional qualities of various industries. Hence, we have the goal of establishing a "Taijiang Campus", introducing the visitors into a paradise with learning opportunities and experiences. Taijiang Administrative and Visitor Centers is also a candidate of EEWH Diamond grade, the green building certification system in Taiwan which combines the sustainable environment and green technology as a new impression of Tainan.
台江國家公園為滿足經營管理、遊憩休閒及濕地保育等需求，提供造訪遊客一個創新、體驗及多功能使用之永續服務環境，擇定於四草大道北側及鹽水溪間之四草魚塭區，作為行政及遊客服務基地。該地環境條件反映台江國家公園自然生態、人文歷史、漁鹽襲產等多面向的核心價值特色，有如「台江學園」，同時為南部行政機關第一座鑽石級綠建築。
The building is elevated above the fish farm, responding to the natural context on site. A connected waterway is established to connect individual fish farms on site and also to nearby Taijiang rivers system. The formation of the water network system can reduce amount of evaporation, thus increase water salinity and introduce a wider range of biodiversity. Besides that, the water gates within the water network will closed automatically during heavy rainstorm to prevent flood.
建築物於魚塭之上，採高腳屋的構造形式，尊重自然地貌。基地內設置連通水路，讓各自獨立的魚塭連通，並銜接到鄰近的台江水系，形成感潮的水體，活絡水質。除了可避免高蒸發量，造成水質鹽度提高，亦可引入浮游生物、魚、蝦、貝類及底棲生物。此外，於台江水系之連通水路加設水閘門，在暴雨大潮時可自動關閉，以避免淹水。
The building masses consists of various sizes that resemble a Taijiang island that is deconstructed into Taijiang settlements with courtyards and alleys. After a series of microclimate simulation with computer software, the width and movement in between the courtyards and alleys are adjusted. The building functionality, relationship, layering of spaces and building height parameter are the criteria that decide the building form. Through the simulation software, it shows that the nature environment and formation of settlements are closely related.
我們仿古地圖創造了一個台江島，再將它解構為台江聚落，有埕、巷弄、大小不一的建築實體。台江冬季的風很大、夏季很炎熱，透過風場、日照模擬調整埕、巷弄的寬窄走向；依據機能的分配和連結、樓層的需要、設定實體各部的高度參數，如此台江聚落的雛形於焉成形。環境模擬軟體告訴我們大自然如何影響聚落的形成，參數化設計軟體則具有在控制點之外由電腦隨機決定的特質，很像傳統聚落裡的人為因素。
The courtyards are activity spaces formed from building masses enclosure. The openings of temple courtyard face towards East and West, which efficiently stop Northern North-east wind during winter, on the contrary allows ventilation from South-west wind to provide comfortable outdoor activity space in summer. The roadways and water network break the building masses into smaller forms in order to allow sufficient ventilation and reduce solar heat. The architecture reflects space layout from traditional settlements, essences of Tainan can be traced along the alleys whereas the elevation was built by digital measures along with considerations on interior functionality.
埕是被建築實體所圍塑出的活動場域，東西向開口的廟埕廣場阻擋了冬季的北北東風，而在夏季同時引進西南風以提供遊客戶外活動的舒適環境。島式建築群分割後所形成的巷道與水道，主要引進西南風，亦使建築物在夏季達到通風降溫之目的。建築群以傳統聚落空間配置，巷弄間仍舊保留台南舊聚落有機親近的尺度，而立面造型帶入數位參數語彙，同時反應內部機能。
The settlement is an entity that inherits local culture and industries, moreover it becomes the habitat to protect the biodiversity. The greeneries are well preserved without disturbing the natural habitat for living organisms. The elevated design serves the purpose to maintain the natural habitat. The oyster shells and floating timbers at the sea port are also scavenged as one of the building materials to reduce trashes at the estuary. The oyster shells and timbers are used on the roof to provide a natural activity space for birds.
聚落是承載生活文化、產業的基本單元，甚至形成生物多樣性的庇護所。基地保留既有雜木林、既有灌木草原，避免干擾原有生物棲所。浮動平台的設計為了提供生物棲息的小島。為降低沿海河口廢棄物，當地蚵殼及出海口大量堆積的漂流木也成為建築的一部分，屋頂運用蚵殼與鋪設漂流木，為鳥類提供自然的活動空間。
The team used the advanced technology of Building Information Modelling (BIM) to design the prototype. The structural systems, building materials, openings, ENVLOAD and fire resistant issues are integrated in the technology, which attained some complexities. This helps to improve the understanding during construction. The calculation of carbon footprint is completed from initial stage until detail design. The architecture is mainly of reinforced concrete structure and Portland cement to increase the lifespan of concrete and resist salt corrosion, thus provide a sustainable ecosystem in the Taijiang Campus.
團隊設計在「自然」形塑之下所形成的聚落雛形上，運用先進的建築資訊整合模型（BIM），將結構、材料、門窗、外殼耗能、消防排煙的資訊整合起來，用傳統的2D繪圖，恐怕很難駕馭聚落的複雜性，這個資訊模型也有助於施工者對全案的理解。最後，從初步設計至細部設計皆掌握碳足跡計算，採用RC構造及波特蘭第二型水泥，以增加混凝土耐久性，達成結構延長建築物使用年限，提供台江學園更永續的生態環境。