THE HAKKA TRIANGLE HOUSE
TEAM_BLDG
The Community Centre is located in Conghua District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province. For this project Shanghai based architecture studio TEAM_BLDG works on both architecture and interior and gets inspired from the local architectural culture. A building deeply bonded with the territory which refers to the form and concept of the traditional local housing typology named Wei Long Wu (Hakka Dragon House). “Wei Long Wu” (Round Dragon Housing), also named “Long Wu”, is a variation of Hakka architecture, mostly spread around Guangdong Province and is a common form of traditional clan housing. It originated from quadrangle dwellings of central China: due to wars after the Qin Dynasty, people continued to migrate from central China to the south and built new homes. Wei Long Wu uses rammed earth as the outer wall to enclose inner housing which forms multiple concentric semi-circular structures, which have distinct functional zoning. Merely one entrance on the elevation and no openings on the ground floor were special methods to defend themselves from tribe clashes and wars. But as time goes by, Hakka people gradually let go of their defensive nature and started to blend into the local culture with an open attitude, which marks the beginning of a new culture and architectural style of Lingnan Hakka people.
從化社區中心位於廣州市從化區。項目初始，間築設計(TEAM_BLDG）的建築師認為，此項目的優勢在於建築與室內方案皆由一家事務所來完成，所以不應將建築內與外切割開來進行設計，而是試圖整體打造一個可反映當地建築特徵，並與當地文化緊密相連的整體空間。以此為出發點，在對當地環境和項目特性進行仔細分析後，建築師從當地傳統民居圍龍屋的概念及形態上汲取到了靈感。圍龍屋又名龍屋，屬於客家建築的分支，大多坐落於廣東省，是一種常見的大型傳統聚合住宅。它起源于中原四合院建築。秦朝之後，中原多次戰亂，人們為躲避戰亂向南遷徙，建造家園。圍龍屋以夯土作高牆圍合包圍正屋，形成多個同心半圓體建築群，並具有鮮明的功能劃分。立面上只設計了一個入口並且在一層沒有朝外的窗戶從而起到防禦異族的作用。但隨著時間的推移，客家人漸漸卸下防禦心，帶著開放的態度和當地文化相融合，形成了新的嶺南客家文化和建築風格。
In this project, architects attempted to create an architectural form integrating both traditional culture and modern values by employing contemporary theories, structures, materials and therefore the traditional Hakka architecture turning from reclusion to openness. As Hakka buildings are located in the nature, this double-story building has a close relationship to the surrounding environment: the silhouette of the triangular roof overshadows the ground like a mountain while the metal columns supporting the triangular roof connect with the outdoor trees like a forest. Waterscape around the site smoothens the strict geometries. Large areas of glazing and surrounding green space redefines the relationship between the building and the environment. Elegant roofs, clusters of poles, full height curtain walls: a poem of mountains, trees and water.
在這個項目中，建築師嘗試用現代的理念、結構和材料來打造由封閉走向開放融合的客家建築，創造出傳統文化和現代觀念相結合的建築形態。如同客家建築大多坐落于山水樹林間，這座雙層建築與周圍自然景觀也保持著親密聯繫。剪影式的三角形頂棚如同山的影子般遮蓋著地面；而支撐著整個三角屋頂的金屬柱廊宛若茂密的樹林，與戶外的樹木連成一片；環繞場地的水景弱化了由剛性的幾何平面帶來的疏離感，大面積的玻璃的應用，引入周圍綠色景觀，重新定義了建築與周邊的環境關係。莊重但不厚重的頂棚，高聳錯落的柱廊，通透的落地玻璃，山與樹與水。
At the same time, the design adopts a contemporary composition to break the traditional Hakka architecture's layout. The geometric space is transformed from multiple concentric semicircles into similar triangles. The frames repetition, the plane and the overall scheme emphasizes the depth of field. The resulting configuration creates a visual sensation of layers while maintaining an open space. A generous canopy welcomes the visitors into the space, a 10m double height featuring suspended wooden boxes. The curtain wall guarantees the same transparent visual experience at all angles. Spaces with different functions are sophisticatedly arranged to be separated while keeping overall integrity: the sunken resting area, the wooden screen hanging from the ceiling, the meeting spaces in between stairs and bookshelves, the private VIP lounge on the second floor.
同時，整個建築運用了現代構圖的方式，突破了傳統對稱的客家建築特徵，將多個同心半圓演化成多個相似三角形，構成了不對稱的幾何空間；巧妙的通過線與面的緩急對比加強了視覺上的層次感，以不同的設計手法，在保持建築與外部交匯貫通的關係的同時，強化了建築的縱深感。懸挑的頂棚引導遊客進入建築內部，映入眼簾的是錯落分佈著木質懸浮盒子的雙層十米挑高空間。同時大面積的玻璃幕牆營造的通透感，使得無論哪個方位，都具有內外空間相通的視覺體驗。隱藏在水池中的下沉休息區，懸掛在天花上的木隔柵，穿插在旋轉樓梯和書架之間的休閒洽談區，還有較為隱蔽私密的二層貴賓室，多個不同功能的空間仿佛彼此獨立，卻又渾然一體。
The sunken resting area is surrounded by water creating an analogy of the patio in Hakka architecture which collects and drains rainwater. The water not only reflects the variations of light and shadow, it also brings greenery into the space and builds up a harmonic environment integrating human and nature. To adapt to the local climate, suspended wooden screen in the double height space on the south side are designed to create shading while also contributing to zoning. Meeting spaces, bookshelves and the coffee bar are located here. This vertical waving screen enriches the static and quiet mood echoing the exterior poles while also forming a volume in relation to the functional areas on the second floor.
下沉式休息區由外部滲透進來的水體環繞包圍，似客家建築中的天井，收集儲蓄疏通雨水，淺水鏡面不僅倒映出光影的變化，也將窗外的枝繁葉茂引入室內，營造出人與自然融於一體的環境。為了適應當地氣候，建築師在南翼雙層通高的開敞空間內設置了懸垂的木隔柵，可以達到舒適的遮陽效果，並且具有空間劃分的功能。公共洽談區，雙層書架，咖啡吧就位於此。平行垂落且錯落的木隔柵打破了安靜的空間氛圍，和室外的廊柱相互呼應的同時，密佈的木隔柵也自身形成體量與二層的功能體塊虛實相生。