Casa da Volta
SILVA CRAVO ARQUITECTOS
The house is located in the Southwest of Alentejo, deep in the Grândola hills. The gently undulating topography contrasts with the harsh dryness of the landscape and its bare vegetation of cork and holm oaks with sparse bushes creeping from the calcareous soil.
房子位於Alentejo的西南部，在Grândola山深處。緩緩起伏的地形與嚴峻的乾旱環境，軟木和聖櫟的裸露植被以及鈣質土壤上稀疏的灌木叢形成鮮明對比。
Given its remoteness and isolation, the house echoes the tradition of the Portuguese “alcáçova”, —or qasbah, following its Arab etymology—, which functioned as a defensive citadel, or compound, with its constructions built within and protected by a high-walled perimeter. Poetically, it summons the Heideggerian notion of “bounded space”, of the human need to define a limit in the vastness of the landscape. In fact, this typology of a fortified farm is the dominant form of occupation across the Maghreb and the Mediterranean, from Roman antiquity and Arab settlements, to Fernand Pouillon’s and Le Corbusier’s excursus in Argel.
由於房屋的偏僻和隔離，它沿襲了葡萄牙“alcáçova”（或阿拉伯人的qasbah）的傳統，它起著防禦性城堡或大院的作用，其建築建在高牆內並受高牆保護。從詩意上講，它喚起了海德格爾“有界空間”的概念，即人類需要在廣闊的景觀中定義一個界限。實際上，這種防禦工事的類型是整個馬格里布和地中海地區的主要佔領形式，從古代羅馬人和阿拉伯人的定居點到Fernand Pouillon和Le Corbusier在阿爾熱爾的郊遊。
The house is devised as an imperviously walled rectangle, onto which a series of volumes are placed against its inner walls. The positioning of this walled yard in the landscape was actually constrained by a regulatory distancing from the property limits. As it sits across a valley line, it appears half sunk from Southeast corner, progressively revealing itself towards Northeast. Other than a corner gateway and the small entrance door, the exterior walls barely have openings. An exception is made to the West elevation as it opens up to a large panoramic veranda overlooking a small creek below and the vastness of the landscape.
房子被設計成一個不透水的矩形牆，在矩形牆的內壁上放置了一系列的體積。該圍牆院落在景觀中的位置實際上受到了與財產限制的背離的限制。當它越過山谷線時，似乎從東南角下沉了一半，逐漸向東北露出。除了轉角通道和小型入口門外，外牆幾乎沒有開口。西部立面是一個例外，因為它通向一個大型全景陽台，可俯瞰下方的小河和廣闊的景觀。
Inside the courtyard, three rectangular volumes occupy the North, the East and the West elevations, comprising respectively the bedroom suites, the living room and kitchen and the garage and maid’s room, while the missing volume southwards is occupied by an orchard.
在庭院內部，三個矩形空間分別佔據了北，東和西高程，分別包括臥室，起居室和廚房以及車庫和女僕的房間，而向南缺失的空間則由果園佔據。
The common areas function in a classical sequence of unfolding rooms, from the kitchen to the living room and to the library, all of which are separated by symmetrical pocket doors. The dining area of the living room is divided by a large fireplace with a hanging metal chimney.
公共區域以從廚房到客廳再到圖書館的經典展開空間順序工作，所有這些區域均由對稱的門口隔開。客廳的用餐區被一個大壁爐和一個懸掛著的金屬煙囪隔開。